What is a TFT Instrument Cluster?

An instrument cluster is a collection of gauges and dials usually located behind the steering wheel. It provides the driver with various information about the state of the car, such as speed, RPM, gear status, fuel level, etc. In the past, mechanical type was the mainstream, but in recent years, mechanical dials and some LCD displays have become the mainstream, and the number of types that display all information on the LCD is increasing.A TFT instrument cluster refers to a type that displays all this information on a TFT LCD.

Why are TFT Instrument Clusters required?

As vehicles become more sophisticated, the amount of information that needs to be communicated to the driver continues to increase. In addition to the information mentioned above, there are, for example, EV power/regeneration levels, headlight status, and ADAS warnings. However, instrument clusters have only a limited area, and to display information efficiently, TFT LCDs are suitable because they can be switched freely and are cost-competitive. Against this backdrop, an increasing number of vehicles are being equipped with TFT instrument clusters, where the entire surface is covered by a TFT LCD, instead of conventional mechanical instrument clusters or mechanical instrument clusters with a partial LCD.

Functional Safety in TFT instrument cluster

The TFT instrument cluster also displays warning lights on the TFT LCD, which were previously lit by LEDs outside the LCD. These warning lights indicate the status of various driving-related systems such as brakes, engine, and electric power steering, as well as seat belts, half-doors, fuel, and batteries. These lights are used by the driver, passengers, and other vehicle occupants, as well as by pedestrians. Since this information is extremely important for the safety of drivers, passengers, occupants of other vehicles, and pedestrians, it must always be displayed correctly. In recent years, the concept of functional safety has led to a growing demand for various safety functions to ensure the safety of passengers and their surroundings.

Epson Display Controller Contributes to TFT instrument cluster display function safety

Epson's S2D13V02 incorporates a full range of safety functions to monitor the correct display of TFT instrument clusters. In the unlikely event that a display malfunction is detected, the necessary action is taken immediately. For example, the OSD (On-Screen Display) function is used to display the minimum necessary indications such as warning lights and speed, and to show warning messages. These functions contribute to improving the safety of the occupants and the surrounding environment